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1 technological contribution
вклад в развитие техники
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[А.С.Гольдберг. Англо-русский энергетический словарь. 2006 г.]Тематики
EN
Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > technological contribution
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2 technological contribution
Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > technological contribution
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3 technological contribution
Экономика: вклад в развитие техники, техническое достижениеУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > technological contribution
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4 technological contribution
техническое достижение; вклад в развитие техникиАнгло-русский словарь по экономике и финансам > technological contribution
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5 contribution
1) содействие2) вклад3) взнос, отчисления; сбор4) контрибуция5) выручка; бухг. превышение продажной цены над себестоимостью продукта6) валовая прибыль (разность между выручкой и переменными издержками)Англо-русский словарь по экономике и финансам > contribution
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6 unemployment
n кадр, безробіття; незайнятість; a безробітний; незайнятий1. ситуація, за якої люди працездатного віку не можуть знайти собі роботи; 2. наявна кількість безробітних═════════■═════════casual unemployment тимчасове безробіття; chronic unemployment хронічне безробіття; concealed unemployment приховане безробіття; cyclical unemployment циклічне безробіття; deficient-demand unemployment безробіття внаслідок недостатнього попиту; disguised unemployment приховане безробіття; falling unemployment зменшення безробіття; fluctuating unemployment нестійке безробіття; general unemployment загальне безробіття; hidden unemployment приховане безробіття; high unemployment високий рівень безробіття; involuntary unemployment вимушене безробіття; latent unemployment приховане безробіття; long-term unemployment застійне безробіття • тривале безробіття; low unemployment низький рівень безробіття; mass unemployment масове безробіття; natural unemployment природне безробіття; nonstructural unemployment неструктурне безробіття (зумовлене загальним спадом економічної активності); regional unemployment регіональне безробіття; repeated unemployment повторне безробіття; residual unemployment залишкове безробіття; rising unemployment зростання безробіття; seasonal unemployment сезонне безробіття; stagnant unemployment застійне безробіття; structural unemployment структурне безробіття (пов'язане зі зміною галузевої структури економіки); technological unemployment технологічне безробіття; teenage unemployment безробіття серед молоді; voluntary unemployment добровільне безробіття═════════□═════════level of unemployment рівень безробіття; to combat unemployment боротися з безробіттям • побороти безробіття; to keep the growth of unemployment in check зупиняти/зупинити безробіття; unemployment allowance допомога з безробіття; unemployment benefit допомога з безробіття; unemployment benefits система допомоги з безробіття; unemployment benefit scheme програма допомоги з безробіття; unemployment compensation допомога за період безробіття; unemployment contribution внесок у фонд допомоги безробітним; unemployment figures показники безробіття; unemployment fund фонд допомоги безробітним; unemployment in a high employment economy безробіття при високому рівні зайнятості; unemployment insurance страхування від безробіття • страхування на випадок безробіття; unemployment insurance fund фонд страхування від безробіття; unemployment pay допомога з безробіття; unemployment rate рівень безробіття • відсоток безробітних; unemployment registration реєстрація безробітних; unemployment statistics статистика безробіттяunemployment¹: employment² -
7 Kind, Karl Gotthelf
SUBJECT AREA: Mining and extraction technology[br]b. 6 June 1801 Linda, near Freiberg, Germanyd. 9 March 1873 Saarbrücken, Germany[br]German engineer, pioneer in deep drilling.[br]The son of an ore miner in Saxony, Kind was engaged in his father's profession for some years before he joined Glenck's drillings for salt at Stotternheim, Thuringia. There in 1835, after trying for five years, he self-reliantly put down a 340 m (1,100 ft) deep well; his success lay in his use of fish joints of a similar construction to those used shortly before by von Oeynhausen in Westphalia. In order to improve their operational possibilities in aquiferous wells, in 1842 he developed his own free-fall device between the rod and the drill, which enabled the chisel to reach the bottom of the hole without hindrance. His invention was patented in France. Four years later, at Mondorf, Luxembourg, he put down a 736 m (2,415 ft) deep borehole, the deepest in the world at that time.Kind contributed further considerable improvements to deep drilling and was the first successfully to replace iron rods with wooden ones, on account of their buoyancy in water. The main reasons for his international reputation were his attempts to bore out shafts, which he carried out for the first time in the region of Forbach, France, in 1848. Three years later he was engaged in the Ruhr area by a Belgian-and English-financed mining company, later the Dahlbusch mining company in Gelsenkirchen, to drill a hole that was later enlarged to 4.4 m (14 1/2 ft) and made watertight by lining. Although he had already taken out a patent for boring and lining shafts in 1849 in Belgium, his wooden support did not qualify. It was the Belgian engineer Joseph Chaudron, in charge of the mining company, who overcame the difficulty of making the bottom of the borehole watertight. In 1854 they jointly founded a shaft-sinking company in Brussels which specialized in aquiferous formations and operated internationally.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsChevalier de la Légion d'honneur 1849.Bibliography1842, Anleitung zum Abteufen von Bohrlöchern, Luxembourg.Further ReadingH.G.Conrad, "Carl Gotthelf Kind", Neue deutsche Biographie 10:613–14.D.Hoffmann, 1959, 150 Jahre Tiefbohrungen in Deutschland, Vienna and Hamburg, pp. 20–5 (assesses his technological achievements).T.Tecklenburg, 1914, Handbuch der Tiefbohrkunde, 2nd end, Vol. VI, Berlin, pp. 36–9 (provides a detailed description of his equipment).J.Chaudron, 1862, "Über die nach dem Kindschen Erdbohrverfahren in Belgien ausgeführten Schachtbohrarbeiten", Berg-und Hüttenmännische Zeitung 21:402–4, (describes his contribution to making Kind's shafts watertight).WK
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